How to pronounce“tfpr”in English

people have just persistently found is that tfpr there's more dispersion in it in developing economies and advanced economies so that's like the us versus

So the planner doesn't want perfect equalization of these TFPR levels because of things like, obviously measurement error but

first of all this is the us distribution this is tfpr on this axis this is like across plants in u.s manufacturing first of all

enterprises in um in china that have really low tfpr and

dynamic implication of this static uh strong correlation between tfpr and tfpq that's stronger here

increasing in tfbq now i mentioned you don't want to use tfpr as a proxy for tfbq because they're not the same but that doesn't mean that

fact and they and they potentially have large implications for aggregate efficiency um so another emerging fact is that tfpr is strongly

labor and materials and other firms have low ones that's more of the dispersion in tfpr than the than the

um i'll skip this on tfbq dispersion the interest of time so fact two was tfpr tends to be increasing in tfbq this is some data for

plants in indian manufacturing this is tfpq of a plant relative to the the industry mean and this is their tfpr

rates if you're efficient you get big and then you face a higher tax rate so that's why your tfpr is bigger um that might affect your dynamic

um so another fact is that i mentioned is that um most of the dispersion in tfpr seems to be a common component rather than a

error or persistent tax or subsidy differences this is really important because one of the debates when you see all this tfpr dispersion

in india than there is in the united states so the united states has less dispersion in the in the tfpr and yet more reallocation going on so if you just thought india was just getting

So here in this model, let's call that, this is a terminology coined by Foster Haltiwanger and Syverson, is to distinguish TFPR.

within firms so i'll draw implications out of each of these for what what they might tell us okay so here's here's the tfpr dispersion

notice there's a ton of dispersion so whatever your theory is it's got to be not that the us has perfectly equated tfpr across uh firms