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escalation. And so they cannot overplay their hand and they've been really risking overplaying their hand in that respect. We've seen a really a
toughening of resolve in countries like Bahrain, Kuwait, the UAE anyway, and potentially even Saudi Arabia. If now the response to this current line of
American escalation is a targeting of civilian infrastructure more broadly across the GCC, the Gulf states, we will likely see a a renewed effort to build a
Listen to native speakers pronounce “toughening” in real conversational contexts with synchronized timestamps and subtitles.
present participle and gerund of toughen
The process of making something tougher.