How to pronounce “phenotype” in English

We humans have seen it from outer space looking back.That is the phenotype, the expression of this molecule.Because the Earth is really fashioned to a large extent by the activity that resulted from DNA, initially from,

And then I'll mention to you the opposite, which is a phenotype to genotype approach.So the genotype to phenotype approach-- or G to P-- is where we take a large group of tumor samples and then we retrospectively do molecular profiling on them.And this is usually what's called next-gen sequencing at this point.

As best exemplified here by Jack Fischer is you get these little mini clouds of CO2 that we think we saw here in the blood work as well.So really interesting strange phenotypes from the unique environment of the Space Station.And jumping back to what happened to him when he landed back on Earth, we looked also at the immune system and cytokines.

So the notions here are the rise of moralizing deities.Biologists describe phenotypes as gene by environment interactions.

How do we start to bring some of that technology to understand the health of populations, improve access to care, and understand disease outcomesand this concept of the digital phenotype, which is this idea that all the data that we generate in our day-to-day lives actually can providemeaningful information about us and collectively about populations.

to track where we might see the emergence of outbreaks, of course, following the hurricane-- Google, of course, not being the onlyplace where you can get digital phenotype data.Yelp, you probably didn't know 10% of all Yelp reviews are food poisoning related.

radiation.Radiation resistance is a widespread phenotype with representative organisms from the three domains of life.And its a multi-factor phenotype.

Radiation resistance is a widespread phenotype with representative organisms from the three domains of life.And its a multi-factor phenotype.So there are different things contributing for radiation resistance.

That Lalla had read "The Selfish Gene" and watched my Christmas Lectures was gratifying.That she had read "The Extended Phenotype" and Darwin, as well, was too good to be borne.I subsequently discovered that, in addition to Doctor Who's companion, she had played a beautiful Ophelia to Derek Jacobi's "Hamlet" in the BBC TV production

Everywhere is impacted by human activities.So there's an extended phenotype of the tree, a community-level genomics.

There's really two main ways to identify these targets.One's called a genotype to phenotype approach.And then I'll mention to you the opposite, which is a phenotype to genotype approach.

Colon cancer looks like colon cancer.Evolution is selecting out for phenotype, what it looks like, not the underlying genetics.There are 150 ways to get to be breast cancer, yet they all look alike.

and then started doing that across multiple individuals, all of a sudden, now you have not just mentions of events in a population,but you have actually insights to peoples phenotypes as they interact with the web.And I'll give you some examples for that.

And in the environment of evolutionary adaptiveness, the optimum point for that trade-off is at one place, and now we want to move that.You'd get the kind of phenotypes that have never existed in all of human history, the and stuff like that.

And it's not really going to spark a kitchen revolution in the near future, because this is nanotechnology.So this is a way that the information about the phenotype, about the physical form, is propagated from one to the next, not in the genes.

together, codes it up, and then, of course, brings it into the electronic medical record.And this is not exactly like the digital phenotype data, but we're spending a lot of time implementing things like online virtual visits, the idea

So all the psychosocial attributes that you think about sleep deprivation all play out in the digital realm.So again, this idea of the digital phenotype relating back to what people are actually experiencing in the real world.We're spending a lot of time thinking about crowdsourcing and ways in which we directly engage people.

And so this was exciting.You can knock tau out of mice and the mice have absolutely no phenotype.

off some ends actually some colonies even build flooding chambers which whichguess so I was kind of thinking about that idea of like extended phenotype and

And it's known as the Warburg effect.And effectively, what he talked about was cancer cells revert to a simpler phenotype.They stop doing respiration as we know it.

They have these sensory hypersensitivities, like aversions to loud noise or certain kinds of tastes.Great question because some of the things that I've mentioned that are part of the behavioral phenotype of kids who

I heard it involved a text to Uber about suggesting they get into health care.John is also known as one of the people who has popularized the notion of the digital phenotype.With the ubiquity of technology in our lives today, we can leave a lot of clues about our health state in the interactions that we have with the internet, social

So a lot of aspects of medicine, like defining a phenotype, is controversial.

from genes to proteins cells, but also your observable phenotype that's in your electronic health records.

Anything that you've heard-- because it seemed like that was starting to get to some of these questions around phenotype and how to tie all this stuff together

One's called a genotype to phenotype approach.And then I'll mention to you the opposite, which is a phenotype to genotype approach.So the genotype to phenotype approach-- or G to P-- is where we take a large group of tumor samples and then we retrospectively do molecular profiling on them.

And so why would technology's influence on our evolution, both genotype and phenotype, be restricted?

So the creatures would have a genotype, that would describe their phenotype in a simulated three-dimensional environment.

And then collates all that information and pulls out, what are the common phenotypes or the common practices or the common styles of curiosity

Now, we been able to replicate these findings in a variety of animal models, ranging from drosophila, the fruit fly, on the left, to rhesus macaques on the right.And one of the interesting things about infant rhesus macaques is that they have these two behavioral phenotypes.Some of them, the minority of them, are these shy, withdrawn little animals.

people realized, OK, well, that's fantastic because genotype to phenotype mapping would open up this possibility for understanding what genes or what genetic signatures are associated

They have these sensory hypersensitivities, like aversions to loud noise or certain kinds of tastes.They have to be taken out of the box and opened and unpacked in order to be read and to affect the experience and phenotype of the individual.

And it's not really going to spark a kitchen revolution in the near future, because this is nanotechnology.But, and this is the mind blowing thing, if he chops up a two headed worm into halves, you might think that would restore the original phenotype.

of their health of their populations and, more broadly, in public health.At the same time, we know that we're generating huge amounts of data across all aspects of the patient, whether it's their phenotype dataor their genotype data across their interactions with health systems.

Now all of a sudden when we're processing things like social media posts, we have an ability to tag the outcome and start to aggregate this across large categories.There are many other ways in which we can start to use these data sets, this digital phenotype data.We've done this a lot in the chronic disease space-- sleep deprivation being one, a big topic.

together, codes it up, and then, of course, brings it into the electronic medical record.And this is again, is like a very new field of study, the digital phenotype.

and then we compare the genotype, what the genes say, and the phenotype of their life experience-- how old were they when they got some kind of genetic diseases?

And the concept of technophysio evolution is, how is it that technology changes our evolution, both our genotype and phenotype evolution?

And then, when you live, grow up, in a high carb environment, then the phenotype manifests itself of obesity. And what the genes are responding to are the carbs in the diet. It's

high carb environment, that they didn't eat the carbs, they would be lean. Their phenotype wouldn't manifest itself.

So they're tryin' to shift that and tryin' to understand how the environment interacts with our genes in any moment to create our phenotype.