How to pronounce“pentoses”in English
Of the trioses, glyceraldehyde is an aldose because it contains an aldehyde, and dihydroxyacetone is a ketose, with that ketone on the central carbon.
Five-carbon pentoses and six-carbon hexoses mainly exist as cyclic hemiacetals in solution.
As a reminder, hemiacetals form when one alcohol group adds to an aldehyde or ketone, and usually the equilibrium favors the aldehyde or ketone.
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