attention is the the fundamental particle of of learning and as I understand it humans are the only primate who will look where somebody is pointing and in fact human infants veryquickly learn to look where their mothers are looking so we learn before
always looking for an evolutionary account for how we've come to be I don't think in the case of perversity there is such an evolutionary account I don't think for instance other animals other primates engage engage in perverse actions in the sense I'm interested in. They do good things, they do bad things, sometimes they they make mistakes, but but they aren't purposefullyperverse. Being purposely perverse is something that's uniquely human. Doesn't mean it's magic.
So sometimes we might say-- I might say careful or impulsive. Primates , there's, of course, lots and lots of studies on primates because their brains are more similar to ours, and the behavioral psychologistsand biologists like to really look at primates in comparison to people.
So sometimes we might say-- I might say careful or impulsive. Primates -- there's, of course, lots and lots of studies on primates because their brains are more similar to ours.And the behavioral psychologists and biologists like to really look at primates in comparison to people.
They'll fiercely defend intruders. Primates and humans are fiercely territorial.Intruders will be shot.
I'm not actually going to talk about hugs today, but that's a perfect example. Primates of almost all species, especially apes, of which we are-- as you well know, of which we are one-- are huggers.We hug for a variety of reasons.
get a high enough dose and they can be overcome so since this is hard humans primates we didn't evolve resistance and immunities to Venoms we could have tried for somethinglike speed which would get us moving faster and running away from a predator but we didn't evolve that either instead
The Earth, because it's in this creative zone, is able to evoke the creative dynamics that give birth to this. The primate intelligence was making a connection in the universe that was surprising.
But when you then look at species diversity, and lemurs particularly, you find that almost 20% of primate species diversity is found on this island, which is roughly the size of California-- so again, the California theme. So that's a lot-- 20% of primate species found on this one speck of earth.
OK? This is something absolutely new in human history. A primate will not respond to a beat.
And Adverb Adder, saves all that typing, and thinking. The primate that said, hey that's a beautiful parabola.
The mammalian cortex is laid upon it. The primate cortex is laid upon that. The portions that we share with apes are layed upon that.
But while they cannot do that -- the Primate Research Institute in Kyoto, in Inuyama but synced to the Kyoto University had, now they've got about 15 chimpanzees that can manipulate numbers amazingly well. And they thought, "Well let's try and use these skills to see if we can find out anything else about the cognitive capacities of chimpanzees." And what they found was that in some cases,
stead later um so John was also interested peculiarly in the Lemma this madagascan primate and apparently lemas have a a predisposition to cataracts who knew but apparently they do and so John performed operations on on Afflicted
unless you're a paleontologist that were thriving. They eventually would go extinct, but in doing so, they would spin out the ancestors of the modern groups that we all know, including our own group, the primates . It was about 10 million years after the extinction. So we're talking about 55, 56 million years ago as the Paleocene interval turned into the Eocene interval of time. That's when the modern mammals really start to make their presence known. And this happens at a time when the Earth is undergoing this moment of harsh, sudden climate change, global warming,
It is clear from doing the DNA paternity test that they are closely related to African rodents and primates . Okay, so how do African rodents and primates get to South America? Well, it seems like the only way is through one of these Hail Mary dispersals where there are some of these mammals, maybe after a storm, maybe they're on a raft of vegetation, sometimes big chunks of the coast, trees and grass and all kinds of stuff can be ripped apart, thrust out into the ocean, and
But dogs hate to be hugged. And primates hug all the time. So I'm actually going to start by showing you a video.
The primates actually vary in age.
Other primates don't have this problem.
And primates have them.
We are the mobile primate .
But their little primate brains were changed.
to our closest primate cousins, the gorillas, who are 100% plant-based, we share about 98% of the DNA.
our closest primate relatives like the chimps that I mentioned, essentially biological mothers take care of chimp
So what we did is we just kind of did a shotgun approach to see what kind of vomeronasal receptor genes were present in lemurs, and particularly mouse lemurs. And for a primate , they age quite rapidly.
So you have primate genes plus humans switches makes human, primate genes plus chimp switches makes chimp.
snakes to primates , but we really don't. We don't have, and this is, we'll get into more of the stuff on the platonic space, but our
or other primates . But we can kind of understand that at a kind of level today.
So that gives primates their first advantage over other species.
people study primates non-human primates right because that's the most likely animal we think evolutionarily to be
a world surrounded by snakes and these were largely constricting snakes but they were still one of the primary predators of primates so our ancestors were constantly trying to survive in a world with snakes and then about 60 million years ago the snakes up the
we chose sight is being a sort of poor choice of words but we ended up focusing on sight and primates have some of the most amazing eyes we don't really think about it right the fact that we can see objects in color in three dimensions the
fact that our eyes Face Forward which gives us the ability to have depth perception all of these changes that make it so that primates are really really incredible snake spotters and in fact if you show pictures pictures of snakes or videos of snakes to primates all sorts of primates humans on down the line they react with
we arboreal primates solve this problem.
They're nocturnal animals. So they don't have the same requirements for visual communication that we have. So many anthropoid primates -- which is us-- monkeys, apes, humans-- we are very visual creatures. So visual communication is for breeding, for hanging out-- anything you can think of.
We're just primates after all.
They're not primates . They're not just people with funny skin and some crap on the bridge of their nose.
And now in primates they have data input as well.
book called "Games Primates Play-- An Undercover Investigation of the Evolution and Economics of
the way other primates deal with it.
And only amongst primates do you ever see this very characteristic S-shape, a sigmoid curvature.
But these primates have this curious thing that-- I mean they make gestures with their arms.
So I mean as primates we are sort of inherently hierarchical.
that we think they -- primates experience a broader range of possible happiness and suffering than insects.
bizarre this situation is for our primate brains.
It was behavioral study of a primate species, and then was applied through a Western lens onto people.
It can unleash the best in human nature, selfless sacrifice for others. They're even different from primate astrocytes.
She moved into this new primate facility.
written into our DNA and it all goes back to roughly a 100 million probably years ago long before our species split from other primate species long before our primates ever left Africa we were hanging out in a world surrounded by snakes and these were largely constricting snakes but they were still one of the primary
of primate species diversity is found on this island, which is roughly the size of California-- so again, the California theme. So that's a lot-- 20% of primate species found on this one speck of earth. Why is that? Well, hopefully I'll explain a little of that.