- It's a juicy, juicy problem, which occupied literally generations, hundreds and hundreds of years of incredibly ambitious, talented mathematicians, physicists , and astronomers, and beyond.- The fact that this problem is so difficult to solve should at least be a little surprising because if you have just two bodies,
- And that's showing, throwing no shade on their colleague who did these cool experiments. Physicists in camp two maintain that potentials really are just mathematical objects and the fields are responsible for the effect.
that nothing can go faster than the speed of light. Physicists assumed he was wrong.They thought that at 56 Einstein was an old man, past his prime and just unable to accept the new theory of physics
After all, he may not have convinced Bohr of this during his talk, but he was determined to do it during the rest of the conference. - Physicists tell a version of this story, you know that you will find in physics textbooks and in pop science books and that you know physicists tell amongst ourselves that what happened was Einstein and Bohr had a great debate
All of a sudden, the physicists were thinking about physics in terms of these symmetries. - Physicists started applying these ideas to the quantum world too, realizing that charged particles like electrons also have symmetries. Electrons have a phase, which you can think of as an arrow pointing in some direction, but you can offset this phase by any arbitrary amount
understand life, to understand mind, to understand intelligence? You make a lot of controversial statements with your work. That's one of them 'cause there's a lot of physicists that believe they can understand life, the emergence of life, the origin of life, the origin of intelligence using the tools of physics.In fact, all the other tools are a distraction to those folks. If you want to understand fundamentally anything, you have to start at
towards what happens in classrooms and how do students learn, talk about things like what is a science identity and those kinds of questions-- which, often-- physicists , like me, of course, we are not experts on that.And we know our physics, but our lived experiences also give us some level of knowledge of how all of this works.
people all over the world uh professors philosophers men of science uh physicists and the entire IIT faculties uh faculty group so all of themencouraged me to bring this out and today it is uh in the form of a book in
Me too-- I not only think that, but I think our astronaut office-- it was made up of pilots, and engineers, and scientists, physicists , astronomers, biochemists. And you have people from diverse backgrounds.You have people coming from a farm, like me, or living in heavy-duty cities.
will think its final thought by the 50th floor because it will burn up in its own entropic waste generated Physicists typically find it a very disturbing idea.
It's reasonably quiescent. But if you're overfeed a black hole, then things can happen. Physicists like things that align like that.
And Niels Bohr one said, "those who are not shocked when they first come across quantum theory cannot possibly have understood it." Physicists have gotten to the point where they no longer want to ask the big questions about quantum theory.They say, let's just get down to the calculations and figure out some of the details.
And that history and philosophy is wildly unknown to most physicists . Physicists have a set of historical and philosophical myths that they tell amongst themselves, kind of folk history, that's passed down from generationto generation of physicists , either explicitly or implicitly, about the history of quantum physics and why we believe the things that we're
This theory gives nonsense, because when you do the mathematics, you get infinities. Physicists don't like infinities, computer scientists don't like infinities, mathematicians love infinities.But we don't. So the idea is how to get around them And this was a fascinating and severe problem.
about them now and you can really have very serious discussions about them and in fact physicists wearing their Prof professional Garb take the par these paradoxes seriously andum I was where somebody just told me that Seth Lloyd is is uh who some of you
just to you know not just to laugh at them but to think about them because physicists do think about them and philosophers think about them you can look up you can look up these paradoxesin any of the online encyclopedias of philosophy um and read serious
as you all know cuz I can see you nodding many physicists who are serious Believers I would say or at least non-d doubters ofthe many worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics now again here's here's a coincidence of something that's
that uh a story nutrinos travel faster than light upsetting Einstein's theory is a much better story than Italian physicists make measurement error twice. Yet the physicists insist that the result is very reliable that it ishighly statistically significant. This concept statistical significance is
The other thing is you know these computers are pretty energy intensive. So there's actually buried underneath these fast computers is actually the energy challenge. Physicists always thought of the challenge with computing as being the transistor itself. And as you get to higher and higher densities of chips, you get to fewerand fewer electrons per switch. And when you get down to one electron per switch it's quantum mechanical.
physicists discovered it about two decades ago and they started building an underground laboratory essentially for experiments which needed to be shielded by
And that fundamentally changes things. So physicists needed a new way to describe the magnetic potential. - The breakthrough came in the 1840s from an undergraduate student named William Thomson.
- And that's showing, throwing no shade on their colleague who did these cool experiments. Many physicists find this idea difficult to swallow.
So physicists started off on a hunt for a special kind of asymmetry.
Now physicists were getting really nervous.
Sometimes physicists , you know, can be very good at like zooming in on what is important and casting the details aside so you can get to the heart of an issue.
we physicists now are analyzing them to see whether or not they're really real or not. Is there any evidence when we
And physicists are quote agnostic. They don't take a position. They simply go
And physicists believe that information-- or a lot of physicists believe that information never actually disappears from the universe.
are physicists , engineers, teachers, students and such, medical practitioners, really
And physicists were able to get along with two different and contradictory theories, one for each realm.
in physicists ' minds. And everyone could see that his theory worked for that, but no one really thought it was a theory that had any more
And physicists are faithfully observing it and transcribing, writing down a theory that describes that reality.
are physicists or engineers.
So physicists love equations for good reasons.
We physicists knew at some point this exotic object would be found.
We physicists are looking at all sorts of alternatives to silicon.
So physicists talk in terms of hardware stuff, biologists talk in terms of software or information.
And this really bothered Albert Einstein. Most physicists were very happy to accept this, but Einstein-- Einstein had once been a bomb-throwing revolutionary in his youth. He had blown up the physics world with special relativity and then 10 years later, general relativity.
physics was incomplete or that there was something going faster than light somehow. Most physicists thought, OK, that's the end of it.
wave physicists , crucially, including the savvy physicists who didn't know anything about gravitational waves, got considerably less points.
And physicists have long been aware of this.
Oh, no. There it is. The physicists working in this world would say, well, OK, I can work out the forces. The forces along the spine of the crystal are very different than the force that's perpendicular.
In particular, there are lots of red herrings and dead ends. And physicists are people. And that means they're pigheaded, and prejudiced, and biased.
So physicists , they know about numbers.
But physicists have created negative energy.
of physicists and engineers over the world, all the sleepless nights, all the memorable moments, all
So physicists and pure mathematicians-- they're able to have their experiments with closed variables and actually run them and get results.
Other physicists and astronomers have had the better part of a year to find an obvious flaw in what you've done, and no one has found an obvious flaw.
by physicists and then led to the great revolutions of Galileo and Newton and onto Einstein, et cetera.
Other physicists have resorted to a multiverse theory, where they propose that this universe, our visible universe,