How to pronounce “internment” in English

be done although Congress was on board it did not exercise independent judgmentJapanese internment stands as a compelling example of why presidents must exercise constitutional leadershipwhen civil rights are at stake Roosevelt did not do so and thousands of people

And all of the Japanese individuals that were located in the Pacific islands were mandated to move back to the--and actually sent to internment camps in New Zealand.And so that's a little bit about my heritage.

would be called East Hollywood. Sort of it's not, if like by Virgil and Melrose that area I think it's, it, there's a lot of Latin, Latinos there now, but in the '50s and thenbefore the internment in of Japanese Americans in, of, during World War II, that area wasa very important, it was called Little Tokyo West. So we have this, these things that seem like new are not so new sometimes. And people from outside

on to FDR President Roosevelt the forestevacuation relocation and internment of West Coast persons of Japanese descent were among the most egregiousinfringement of individual liberties in US history the episode itself stands as

Hello, everyone. We are thrilled to welcome acclaimed author Joy Kogawa to discuss her lifelong career as a writer, her experienceas a child growing up in the internment camps in Canada, and her thoughts about how we can prevent a humane catastrophe like this from happening again.Joy Kogawa is the author of novels, children's books, a memoir, and books of poetry.

One of your most celebrated works and one that I recall many of my classmates and I reading while growing up is "Obasan."And it chronicles the persecution and internment of Japanese Canadians during World War II.Why was it important for you to write "Obasan" and this particular story?

And to be fair, it is all of those things.And it goes through the internment of Japanese Americans during the Second World War.

Professor Wu is the author of "Yellow: Race in America, Beyond Black and White," and co-author of "Race, Rights, and Reparation:Law and the Japanese-American Internment." And prior to his academic career, he held a clerkship with the late US district Judge Frank J.Battisti in Cleveland, and practiced law with the firm of Morrison and Foerster in San Francisco.

And none of the enemy alien fathers were charged with any crime.They did not know how long their internment would be.And they had no way to hire a lawyer or anything.

So the government said, we need to get these families together.And so they created the only internment camp of multiple nationalities in Crystal City, Texas.And while that seems to be a humanitarian thing to do, of course, there's no such thing as a good internment

First of all, everybody had about the same.Schools and camps were cleared for internment camps.

One thing that people may not know about "Allegiance" is that it's inspired by your very childhood and your yearswhile imprisoned during the Japanese American internment, and that you yourself were an internee.Yes, that is correct.

I'm used to doing commercials.their family while they were in the internment camps of Arkansas.

Wilson's enforcement of the Espionage Act of 1917 to punish dissent duringWorld War one President Roosevelt's internment of West Coast Japanese duringWorld War two a President Truman seizure of the steel mills during the Korean War

concludes as follows the RooseveltGeneral de Wet evacuation and internment cause he was a failure of all threeconstitutional branches to accommodate both live in securing time of war the executive overreacted the Congress

And the baton is handed off at that point, one of my favorite scenes in the film and one of my favorite transitions in the film.But I didn't know much about the Japanese internment camps.You heard about the Nazi concentration camps, but you didn't hear much about, in the US, people of Japanese-American heritage were put into these camps during World War II with the fighting

Do you remember anything about it?How old were you when you were in the Japanese internment camps?Well, if you say, how old was when I first learned about the power of love, I had it from the very beginning.

the need for the transformative experiences that turn our enemies into our closest friends.Because when a lot of these families were moved into internment camps, their homes and belongings were sold.

So if you look 100-plus years ago, there was the Yellow Peril and legislation to keep Asians out.You had World War II and you had internment camps and the treatment of Japanese during World War II.More currently, you've got the image of the model minority for Asians.

They experienced the invasive medical examinations, the grueling interrogations, and they alsoIf that principle was not learned from the internment of Japanese-Americans, then these are very, very dangerous

So this rule, this law, is still in effect.And it means that the next president could indeed set up internment camps if he wanted to, certainly could build a wall.And so while this history may seem remote to some of you, it is, in fact, absolutely current

And this is the barbed wire.I mean, most internment camps or concentration camps look the same.They have guard towers and barbed wire fences.

serious but arguably less severe than in other wartime vindication in fact civilliberties expert Anthony Lewis declared in 2007 that Roosevelt's Japanese internment was very likely the greatestblow to constitutional rights in all the wars and times of stress in American history asking whether civil liberties

constitutional deprivation fdr's issuance of the infamous executive order9066 set off mass evacuations and relocations leading to the internment ofapproximately 120,000 people about

all three branches to assume more responsive responsive and responsibleLincoln years we have certainly not had anything approaching the internment of

the life of the community, and the urban life.That was gone, replaced by the internment camps where people lived on row on row of tar paper shacks.And our family live close to the mountains.

Because many of the activists have been pushing hard against legislators, against people like Jennifer, and I, and others saying that we're out to, kind of, exclude Asians.That what we're doing will introduce a new Chinese Exclusion Act or Japanese internment.There are people who have been advocating for data disaggregation who've been called Nazis or employing Nazi tactics.

And so in this picture, this was the photograph of the Roosevelts' December 1942 Christmas card.And in this picture, Eleanor has fought against internment of citizens and had in fact, come to San Franciscoand told the Japanese, don't worry about a thing.

I love Telly. Oh, yeah, he's a fantastic performer.And Telly plays Sam as a young man during the period of the internment.And I play Sam in the present, many years later.

rubber stamp and the Supreme Court lost its nerve President Roosevelt did notseriously question the recommendation of the War Department in general DeWitt for evacuation and internment arguably themost tragic act of his administration although there was debate among high administration officials Attorney

I must hasten to add I'm not disrespectful of the dead.But I do think climbing in cemeteries where there aren't active internments or where you're not actually next to graves, recent graves,is kind of its own form of tribute because all the bodies are in the branches, anyway.

Yeah, for sure. There's another Pat-related scene that is talked about in the book that I don't think a lot of people recognize.And your wrote a lot about your experience with it, and that's the internment camps, the Japanese internment camp scenes that he fought to keep in.And that's such a powerful moment in the movie.

I'm Canadian, so I read a lot of your work growing up.And I understand that this is a very personal topic, but you lived through Japanese internment during World War II.Your family was forced to move from what I believe was Vancouver to Slocan, British Columbia.

We were six-- I was six, going to David Lloyd George School and just ready to--I mean, I was turning seven when we moved to Slocan to the internment center.And forever after, there was a sense of paradise lost.

about Asian families. I think the emphasis of diversifying stories that get told just hadn't arrived yetinto that time. And I haven't really read many stories about Japanese internment in Canada.What did publishers think when you first sent out copies of "Obasan"?

You're a piece of history, and you carry the history with you.They're also getting a lot older, people who've experience things like Japanese internment, the Holocaust, the Vietnam War, all those things.How can we keep preserving stories that have meaningful consequence and impact on our world in order to prevent these catastrophes

So I think that every age, every person, every situation, is unique.And although we go through huge events like the Holocaust, the internment of Japanese Canadians is just a tiny, little echo of the horrorsthat have been in the world.

Franklin Delano Roosevelt decreed that anyone that was 100% Japanese, or 1/16 Japanese, and was in the UnitedStates, would be removed from their homes and put into internment camps.And so that is what happened to both of my parents, who hadn't met yet, to their families.

In 1941, after the attack on Pearl Harbor and the executive order for Japanese-American internment, the ACLU here in the Bay Area, the ACLU

The reason there were vacancies was because many Japanese-Americans who lived there and had been evicted in order to move them to internment camps,

I wanted to tell you a little bit about the camp.The camp was secret because according to the Geneva Convention, if you build an internment camp, it shouldn't be any more than one group, like only Japanese.Well, from the beginning, this one was going to be multiple nationalities of Germans, Italians, and Japanese.

This is O'Rourke on his horse patrolling inside the fence.There's nothing black or white about my book because the odd thing about it is that as internment camps go, this was a humane internment camp.Nobody went hungry in Crystal City.

And none of the kids that were exchanged knew they were being exchanged until I was able to give them the documents that showed that they were part of the prisonerYes. Do you know how many people in total went to the Crystal City internment?

is kind of just such a sort of a dance tune.The song "Paradise," I understand, parodies both the injustice of the internment and the propaganda surrounding it.But it's a toe-tapping number, kind of the likes of which you can only see on Broadway.

I'm used to doing commercials.It's an affiliate of the Smithsonian, and introduced them to the details of the internment experience.

and with Japan and the US at that time.And then to learn that Pat spent about two years in, I think, two different internment camps, I was getting a history lessonas we were doing the rehearsals to this scene that was so emotional.

But what I had in Slocan was nature-- the beauty of the mountains and the joy of nature.And that sustained my memory, made it a joyful memory, actually, the internment centers.But then after that, going to Southern Alberta and going to the harsh, harsh weather there-- the extreme cold, the extreme heat,

It's hopelessly diverse. We can actually see diversity as a strength.Because every one of our groups have these inspiring examples, including Fred Korematsu who fought the constitutionality of internment.Or Larry Itliong who was as important as Cesar Chavez to the establishment of United Farm Workers.

Johnson" and has also compiled and edited "They Lived to Tell the Tale." Jan lives in San Antonio, Texas, with her husband, Dr. Louis F.Russell, Jr. In "The Train to Crystal City," you'll encounter the secret history of an American internment camp in Crystal City, Texas, where men of German, Japanese,and Italian descent and their families, many of whom were US citizens, were ripped from their homes across the United States and Latin America