So just to remind you, here are the two views, put in terms of whether attention promotes Differential neural activity in frontal areas was absent, whereas activation in the back of the head and the middle of the head persisted.
Being victimized. So Lydia is going to talk a little bit about her experience in the juvenile justice facility and being a victim of assault in there because of who she is. Differential treatment. So, say, straight kids are allowed to date and have friends over, have sort of normal relationships, right,but a foster parent may not allow a young person to have a same-sex friend over that they're attracted to, or things like that.
space and then put things on the on the on the cube in various places so in this differential replication and the words are not always
So in this case, we might imagine Maxwell's demon takes the high-energy particles and tries to sort them to the left side of the partition and the low-energy differential argument. It's this argument about ensembles and entropy and stuff like that.
An algorithm either is or is not differentially private. And differential privacy is generally achieved by adding noise to computations, so you move from deterministic to randomized algorithms. And you typically add noise in a way that kind of obscures the contribution of any individual piece of data in the analysis
So for example, back propagation in neural networks or stochastic gradient descent have differentially private variance. So differential privacy has kind of just in recent years started to make it out of the lab or maybe kind of more precisely off the whiteboard into practice. And the big moonshot for differential privacy is coming up next year when the US census has decided
Why is it that we don't see, we don't hear about these people? solve differential equation. You install it, you put it in your brain.
Because the price valuation is essentially proxying for a bad market expectation. That differential is too high.
They'd never tested below 53 degrees Fahrenheit, so NASA managers were trying simultaneously to track historical O-ring data, erosion patterns, joint dynamics, seal resiliency, pressure differentials , and more. No single chart told the whole story.
- Right, yeah. So the key phenomenon that my technique exploits is what's called supercriticality. So in partial differential equations, often these equations are like a tug of war between different forces. So in Navier-Stokes, there's the dissipation force coming from viscosity, and it's very well understood, it's linear, it calms things down.
We still, though, haven't got a full artificial heart. It was basically partial differential equations and that was it.
Who knows? So you just said that you've been trying not to have a boss, but you're kind of famous for being a good one-- So you get this differential expansion of metal.
Raw GPS at the 95th percentile, eh, something like this, 2.5 meters. If you use differential GPS and use the wide-area corrections, you get this-- not much better. But you get integrity.
I'm just going to show you some of these last few slides that I took while doing these last installs just to give you is a differential engine.
God had nothing to do with it. That's just the differential elastic scattering of light. No, of course, I did not say that.
Cauchy's integral formula in complex analysis, it's a 2 pi. Gauss-Bonnet formula in differential geometry, the so-called nth roots of unity, it's a 2 pi. This is one of my favorite sums.
with a differential it's all electronic today I mean the modern cars are very very Hightech they're designed to
from these differential equations.
were the differential bits.
but the differential investments that some families can make in early childhood education, out of school time learning, summer learning.
And the principle of differential technological development suggests that it might be quite significant, sometimes, exactly when different things arrive,
$30,000 pay differential . So we find almost universal rates of employment discrimination and harassment when it comes to transgender people.
To rate the differential between goal and norm, after which one could see if revolutions happened at predictable sheer points.
degree temperature differential across that spacecraft and I don't think anybody trusted it that much. So what we did is on the way out we had the lunar module stuck on our nose
And in particular, pretty much any technique you know from statistics or modern machine learning has a variant. It is not differentially private in its original form. But it has a variant, which gives differential privacy.
And these differentials , I think, really do matter.
of flavor uh differentials you know they what what separates Bud Miller and Kors has a lot more to do with the marketing
And it was a machine for solving differential equations.
It's got many universal quantifiers in it. The algorithm has to provide differential privacy on absolutely any input database. The definition of harm can be anything you want it to be, and still the increase in harm as a result of including
You can't eliminate that power differential .
But there is clearly this differential , this divide by socioeconomic status.
This is an example of different differential pricing based on people's personal characteristics, or the thing that made my privacy-law students really mad
And we might think of differential equations, or solving equations, and calculating things in finance, and science, and business.
That's a idea of differential privacy, namely adding noise to private data so that they don't become individually identifiable.
It's a really beautiful differential equation.
on working on Bush's differential analyzer, which is just a fascinating machine that we learned about in the process of working on this book, which
What can we do that's differential ?
And if you now solve those differential equations, you get ellipses, and you've explained why those orbits are ellipses.
It's very complicated this gender differential .
And you could see the vegetation differentially growing on it gave us some inkling, but the rest was still a carpet.
And as many people in this audience know, the definition of differential privacy involved-- it's a property of an algorithm, first of all, not about a data particular data set. An algorithm either is or is not differentially private. And differential privacy is generally achieved by adding noise to computations, so you move from deterministic to randomized algorithms.
There are very clear class differentials in terms of people's access to economic, cultural, and social capital.
You can verify whether a system is differentially private or not.
The more that we anonymize that data through whatever technical measures-- differential privacy, other sorts of things-- we do lose a certain kind of utility.
So you can see why they've earned their differential .
while preserving broad statistics. So the first time-- Aaron's been working on differential privacy much longer than I have. And I remember the first time I saw the definition of it.
Yeah, so we're not there yet on fairness. So we sort of assert that if you think about differential privacy for a while, read chapter 1 in the book, that many of you will agree that, at least for a particular kind of privacy, statistical privacy and data sets, it's somehow the right definition.
We have to specify what we mean by unfair. And by the way, differential privacy also comes with such a knob, and so you can draw similar pictures when you're thinking about privacy.
So here's one of the studies that helped everyone discover differential susceptibility.
So here's another way that they discovered differential susceptibility.