How to pronounce“counterfactual”in English

counterfactual but in the case of state government I don't think that's that's very hard to do you ask any governor and they'll pretty much tell you that the

counterfactual reasoning so they can say okay well if I took this action and the other person takes this action and then I take this action and eventually I make

Counterfactuals introduced by Decoleton and Cortan are widely used in trade now.

counterfactuals where what we do is we run the model only inputting a certain subset of shocks.

counterfactuals although they do have some kind of they are able to search the space and pathways but but i think that there is a very

counterfactuals and not really knowing and if only we could run that experiment well the universe exists it's just running in parallel to our own yeah

a counterfactual at you.

the counterfactual equilibrium, so write a prime for the endogenous wages on all the endogenous wages and I know all the perimeters of the modeling

The counterfactual, if they hadn't gone down this route- >> The counterfactual is that Nill proceeded as a very good social scientist which he was,

Because it's a counterfactual.

But he did like counterfactual studies, where here's a problem.

It's the counterfactual.

measure the counterfactual of what whould have happened by setting up randomized trials, and knowing what happened, what would have happened, and measuring the actual change

of is a counterfactual world where things could be vastly better and but it requires one to have a bit of imagination to see

predict the counterfactual smoking rate of California in 1989 had the legislation not been enacted, okay?

- What about the other counterfactual question of what would've happened if Confederate states won the war?

- From a counterfactual history perspective, can you make the case that secession would've been, created a better world?

give a better counterfactual and uh and you know sometimes I think he gets that right and wrong but he's a very special human being that

- It's that whole counterfactual, right?

fun than the counterfactual is america had two revolutions not one okay

ourselves a counterfactual question next let's imagine let's imagine that uh the the world wars happen but but there are no universities

the future construct counterfactual representations so you can coordinate your actions and so on and in order to do this it needs to form

then we can do counterfactuals.

We can't do those counterfactual reasoning.

So I agree there's no counterfactual.

but we are not observing the counterfactual where we have a society, and I don't think there exists a society right now where we'd have the system that you propose that is equally

And so I'm just taking the counterfactual system of equations written with the prime, but I'm just rewriting it in an equivalent form as

And I have to do this counterfactual N times for every single country around the world.

Speaker 1: We have a counterfactual actually.

That would have been my counterfactual history.

That's what's the counterfactual here.

I mean- >> I think counterfactual and alternative, right?

It's hard to know the counterfactual.

And then we're often interested in counterfactual predictions, like what would happen if we had another lockdown?

That's the sort of counterfactual view of history.

'Cause isn't that useful to do counterfactual

um can we do policy counterfactuals if the US will be cut off by red earths uh

It's always hard to do the counterfactuals, but I didn't drop out of school to go work on Facebook full time.

So they're not exploring counterfactuals, what else they could be doing, they're just doing it.

We have an ability to reason counterfactually: to think not about just what will happen, but of various things that could happen,

And I have to do N counterfactuals in the exact algebra approach here I can recover that whole matrix of exposure from a single matrix

So we've had both kinds of counterfactuals as to what happened to countries that actually went the full way to free trade.

whether my model is trustworthy for the counterfactuals of interest.

to make more granular predictions about counterfactuals.

It's almost like this idea of counterfactuals.

We can also have the counterfactuals, where we have all the different states.

I can never run the counterfactuals.

indulge indulge us if I present you with a counterfactual to help us understand where where he stands on things.

now you need to think about what the counterfactual would have been and I guess I'd go back to something I've stressed before that if there had been a