How to pronounce “volcanic” in English

Many volcanic eruptions happen at plate boundaries: places where the tectonic plates that make up Earth’s outermost layer squish together or spread apart.

Thick volcanic ash can blanket crops, collapse structures, and suffocate people and animals.

Lassen Volcanic National Park.

This volcanic soil, it's like amazing for building sand bars and creating opportunities for really good waves.

Its volcanic crags barely poke above the ocean.

And volcanic, too.

And the heat of volcanic systems can be tapped for geothermal energy, which we’ll get more into in a later episode.

They’re remnants of volcanic eruptions that happened millions of years ago.

One theory is that volcanic eruptions released gases like carbon dioxide and methane, which made up Earth’s early atmosphere.

So this is a volcanic crater at the summit of what, to me, is one of the most interesting volcanoes on Earth.

being emitted by the volcanic activity just under the Earth, and it's way more concentrated there, and it's choking.

This all volcanic mountain.

Mount Kilimanjaro is a volcanic mountain, and to reach the summit, to reach the highest point, that was called Uhuru Peak, you had to cross

But these are volcanic fumaroles.

You'll see huge volcanic fields, and you'll see dry lake beds that were, in the Pleistocene, home

They're volcanic in origin.

Because we think volcanic Earth-like planets would be common.

And those volcanic ashes lend themselves to argon dating.

activity and the volcanic soil.

All the volcanic activity has messed up the accumulation and loss and reaccumulation of radiation.

It's an unusual volcanic formation in the Libyan Sahara.

He is volcanically angry.

And they look at volcanics and impact crater analogue research.

where you've got these insane volcanic spires, and it leads to these tiny little valleys.

that sometimes it's often volcanic you get these super, super, super fine layers of sedimentation.

You've been talking about those volcanic slopes drawing in the storm or the hurricane earlier.

Geologists and volcanologists monitor warning signs of volcanic activity, like earthquakes, swelling in the ground, and steam rising ominously from places it shouldn’t.

It’s mostly made of a volcanic rock called basalt and covered in a layer of sediment.

Almost all the planet’s earthquakes and volcanic eruptions happen in one place.

forming huge mountains and driving volcanic eruptions.

There’s a massive wall of volcanic rock and mazes of channels that look strangely like a human brain.

So it's not like volcanic eruptions are rare or unusual.

take your chance with the volcanic eruption or with the cyclone than actually take your chance in that shelter where you know

And Iceland has a lot of volcanic activity.

So it's 10 images from Lassen Volcanic National Park.

So we have another gigantic volcanic event.

there's also one of the biggest volcanic events in the history of animal life.

And those happen to be volcanic ashes.

It was a special kind of volcanic ash.

And you can see kind of the volcanic activity.

looked at what happens near these volcanic vents, we sort of have a window into the future of the oceans.

currents and melts it into the volcanic rock so that we now have instead of mud and Santa being the basis for a

The same stuff that makes up sand and volcanic ash, exactly what real engines encounter in flight.

Because this placid lake formed from a massive volcanic supereruption.

The volcano shot out tons of lava and volcanic ash, buckling the earth into a depression about the size of Singapore.

What counts as a “supereruption” comes down to the Volcanic Explosivity Index, or VEI, which ranks the intensity of volcanic eruptions on a scale of zero to 8.

For context, the strongest volcanic eruptions of the past century or so were around a 6 on the VEI.

In small doses, volcanic ash is really good for crops.

They can learn about the mantle’s composition through volcanic eruptions that spit out melted mantle rock or rip out hunks of it.