That's why you're seeing in this diagram that there's no real bands on here sort of holding all the bits together. Thermal energy from the interior of the earth.
back then, that was our atmosphere. No oxygen to speak of. There is a lot of energy available. Thermal energy , light energy. Salty ocean. Because there were land masses, there would be freshwater ponds by precipitation. There'd be electrical discharge, yet another formof energy. And that's what we had to work with. In our minds, we say to ourselves, "That's the early Earth." Well, what can we do with that concept? Let's think about what was needed back then to get
While steel and titanium strength drops off, in the nickel super alloy, you actually get a peak. That's because the extra thermal energy lets more dislocations cross-slip and get separated. And it's that that shuts down the motion of dislocations.
They couldn't do it, even incrementally. And you can make a very efficient device to convert thermal energy to mechanical energy to generate power with it.
And their efficiency is only about 30%. That is, 30% of the potential thermal energy for burning the fuel is converted into electric power. Whereas the fancier ones that are combined cycle that have the gas turbines, for which the turbine heats water to make steam in a secondary generation scheme,
You could do that from the time we had fire. But actually, taking those molecules and figuring out how to remove their thermal energy and really slow them down, that's the refrigeration story. And that's really recent.
It takes energy to break the atomic bonds as the dislocation travels through the lattice. So, as we ramp up the temperature and all the atoms get more thermal energy , it no longer requires as much stress to break these bonds, becomes much easier for the dislocations to move.
And once that chamber reaches what they call a soak point, that soak point is where the stone within the oven, the masonry within the oven, has enough power, has enough thermal energy , that it can continuously bake product throughout the day without a live fire. And that's important, because once you have a fire in there like they do in this photo, you can't bake anything directly next to that fire.
If you keep putting in energy, then you can put in so much energy that another quark-antiquark pair will be created. And this happens so fast that within around 10 picoseconds, that is, 10 trillionths of a second, the positron has slowed down to match the thermal energy
on the smallest scale, controlling thermal motion, which is a pretty remarkable breakthrough. I mean, we could heat things up for a long time, so you wanna increase the thermal energy of molecules. You could do that from the time we had fire.
So the temperature jumps to around 1,500 degrees Celsius. So now you've got this high-pressure gas from the combustor that just wants to expand, and now it's got an incredible amount of thermal energy . But between the combustion chamber and the outside air is this.
So that's why the strength is very high relative to other alloys. What happens is, ultimately, because you're shearing through that gamma prime with two dislocations, as the temperature continuously increases, you're adding more and more thermal energy in the material. What happens is the atoms are gonna vibrate more and more and more.
What happens is the atoms are gonna vibrate more and more and more. So there's a likelihood, as I'm doing this and I'm oscillating in three dimensions, that the thermal energy is gonna drive me to actually slip down rather than just slip in one plane.