And in our study, we opened the spectrum of the diversity of pigments analyzed. We now have a databank of 137 different organisms, different pigments , spectra. This is how the data looks like.
Well, I thought it was important to get into Leonardo's mindset. And that particular pigment has a 3D quality.
But I honestly enjoy this challenge because I get so lost in the tiny details that I would just never know when to stop if the pigment and the paper didn't provide those kinds of limitations for me. So I am aware that most people can't access many of these really remote places that I draw.
When you're working with purple sweet potatoes, you might want to wear gloves. But the pigment that makes sweet potatoes purple is water soluble.
This is another organism called Geodermatophilus. It produces a black pigment . It forms cell clumps.
So these switches are kind of really important. You make more pigment or less pigment .
What's most surprising, actually, is that this brand and a couple other brands of progressive hair dyes for men use lead acetate as their pigment . And when your hair is being darkened by this stuff, it's the accumulation of lead in your hair that's causing that darkening. And the fact that that's legal is bizarre.
But the thing that fascinates me most about my craft is the notion that you're dealing with a certain kind of technology. And the technology is pigment , black pigment , on a white piece of paper. And when you see it appear in front of you, it's completely individual, as individual as each of our handwriting.
The government brought Pure Earth over, and together we identified contaminated spices as the major driver. People were putting lead-based pigments in the spices to make them those bright oranges and reds. The government tightened their regulations, improved their enforcement capacity, and today lead levels in the
The glaciers grew into ice sheets. And that helped drive the temperature of the entire world to be much cooler. Now, this was a long-term trend then that continued to happen for many tens of millions fossil color pigments in some of these dinosaur feathers that they had quite elaborate colors and patterns. So we think that some of these dinosaurs were using those wings for display,
Here's another example where you see the same thing. And the little pigments that remained were washed out when doing the cleaning.
People don't really know what it means. But they are color pigments . Not all color pigments are antioxidants, but all antioxidants are color pigments .
But they are color pigments . Not all color pigments are antioxidants, but all antioxidants are color pigments . It's like the champagne thing with the sparkling wine.
Not all sparkling wine is champagne, but all champagne is sparkling wine, right? And these color pigments can help with cardiovascular health. They can help protect our immune system.
the certain spots like where's the head, where's the elbow, and then hold it up against the ceiling and use little pigments to powder through these holes. And when he took the paper away, then a lot of transformation points were there.
But since I started thinking about how can I make an object that's really elusive to photograph, I just started purely painting with this pigment , this paint. And so this painting on the top part here, it's kind of washed out, but it's blue and it's green.
And this is Geodermatophilus representing a more passive mechanism of radiation protection, not resistance, not active repair. But it produces a black pigment . And it forms cell clumps.
So these switches are kind of really important. This is responsible for things like pigment , pigmentation in the hair, in the skin.
"Five G. Ahh!!!" But my sister's always been very honest with me and I said to her, "I don't know if I can there's only 20 percent pigment left, that you bleach out the rest.
He was driven to it despite the adversity that he faced. He believed there was power in pigments and canvases and brush strokes. And he explained to Theo, "The great doesn't happen through impulse alone and is a succession of little things that are brought together."
Black. Pink. Orange. Red. The other one would be retinitis pigmentosa, which is actually a heritable condition where people also progressively lose their photoreceptors.
There are other things being produced. You showed a curve of the pigments , and it had two very distinct drops.
Here's another example where you see the same thing. But if we had these little traces of pigment , we could reconstruct this.
melanin, which is pigmentation.
And so the people that are creating paints and pigments to be able to dye gemstones are actually doing it with a huge amount of expertise.
Other researchers can contribute other data. And we hope that this spectra of different pigments will help astronomers. It's actually already helping astronomers to analyze data from exoplanets, searching for a biosignature.
And it's pink only because of the color of the pigments of a protein called myoglobin.
identity and stop making melanin, the black pigment .
So if a piece of DNA was dropped into a segment that coded for purple pigment , it might disrupt that pigmentation and cause a mosaic kernel.
That's why it's very resistant. This is a picture of Hymenobacter grown on a plate showing the light pink pigment . So we think there are active mechanisms of DNA repair going on here that is very interesting to study and understand.
"Five G. Ahh!!!" But my sister's always been very honest with me and I said to her, "I don't know if I can Lee Thomas: Um-hum. female #2: your pigment could become darker -- Lee Thomas: Um-hum.
So surprisingly, peacock feathers only use brown pigments .
He said those are pictures of the retinas of patients with a disease called retinitis pigmentosa, or RP.
You light your torch, you get your pigments , and you paint three buffalo on the wall, and you put in three spears or
So the information is right there. And we are currently investigating what type of DNA repair genes it has and what type of pigment production it does, internal cellular metabolites, and so on.
This is how the data looks like. This is a Geodermatophilus strain, the one that produced the black pigment . That's why the reflectance on the visible region is very low.
It's a liquid. It's almost all water with a little pigment .
If you know how to program, you know how to grind your own pigment .
Nachos. The freckles on my face decided to band together and form a pigment block party and my ankles swelled as if I'd been stung by a hive of particularly vindictive bees.
So this system that I created right here, it actually detects your pigmentation.
So I begin with a really simple pencil sketch just so I have a few major lines to follow, maybe the outline of the iceberg and the horizon line. And then I typically jump in pretty quickly with the color, layering pigments onto the paper. And I smudge everything with my fingers and palms.
For example, analyzing how rough the fish scale like structure of the surface of the hair is, or how the pigment is distributed through the hair shaft.
in this case a cyanobacteria, which had the ability to actually photosynthesize, meaning it had a pigment called chlorophyll that allowed it to convert sunlight between 400
It's basically like charcoal but colors. So I'll break it into these little sharp shards that I can use to render the finer details on top of the base layer of pigment that I've already put down.
that I've already put down. And typical paper used for soft pastel has a lot of tooth, meaning a very textured surface so that it's able to absorb as much pigment as possible. I actually prefer to work on a much smoother paper than what most pastel artists would want because it allows me to get those finer details without the texture
of the paper getting in the way. The challenge with this, though, is that there isn't a lot of room for error or reworking since the paper can't absorb so much pigment . But I honestly enjoy this challenge because I get so lost in the tiny details that I would just never know when
When you're working with purple sweet potatoes, you might want to wear gloves. So but deep frying-- so if you slice the sweet potatoes, even though you're soaking them in water, they'll still have enough pigment .
So that means that cells outside of the clumps get inactivated faster than the ones inside the core. But these ones, it's truly more resistant, because it doesn't form cell clumps, and it produces a very light pink pigment . But when we did radiation with gamma rays, Deinococcus is still much better at repairing double strand breaks and the damage caused
Before 1841, if you were an artist and you wanted to make a painting, you were probably grinding your own pigment .
Encaustic is one of the oldest mediums known, and it's one of the most impervious to the environment, because it's wax and resin and dry pigment .