kind of interesting. The story of how coffee came into the world is kind of vague. So the legend that everybody knows about is how the goat herder who saw his goats prancing and he said, "Oh, why are they dancing?They were eating some red cherries. And he said I'll have some of that. Actually about he saidlet me wait a day. See what happens to my goats. If they're still alive tomorrow, I'll also have some of that. But actually, what turns out is what is
Let's go to Kenya. A herder has kept his cattle on the same semi-arid land for generations. And livestock to pastoral families is not just their income, it's their savings, their insurance, the
should I add more animals to my herd? And the herder thinks, well, when I have more animals, that's good, more to sell when I go to market. What's the downside? Well, not much.
So all of that health advice basically boils down to eat like a farmer. Eat like a herder -farmer. And that may be enough for a lot of people.
Do they travel hundreds of kilometers? So the herders , however, stepped up and said, we do not want the area to be given up for mining.
Lions. Who doesn't love lions? These are some Maasai herders in the Ngorongoro Conservation area just on the other side of Ngorongoro crater in Tanzania.
Is this one of your more popular sellers at the restaurant? The men were herders and took care of the livestock, so they did all the butchery.
So now imagine you have this large forest, and around this forest, you have many different tribes of herders . And these herders are cooperative all, but they're all cooperative in different ways. So at one extreme end of the forest, you've got your communist herders .
Then after the agricultural revolution, people start living in cities. We become farmers and herders instead of hunters and gatherers. And so, then you take into account recent adaptations.
of laptops and PCs and increasingly now mobiles that have been coerced and invaded and become tools of the botnet herders . So even trying to detect and go after botnets is -- is going after the symptom. The real issue is that we allow these resources to be coerced by people who don't own them and have no business using the cycles.
And people live in these mountains. So this is a guesstimate around 200 herder families and potentially 40,000 livestock living in the area. But we would like to know how many snow leopards are there.
and this one says is not. Is it OK to be gay herder or whatever it is? All these tribes can differ in terms of the basic rules that organize their societies-- more collectivist, more individualistic, more intrusive into people's
supplemental food, and the crisis that would have unfolded doesn't. Over a million and a half herders across the Horn of Africa are now protected with this drought insurance program. So, this is what it looks like when you use a signal from space to guide human action
Here, they didn't like it. They got harassed by local herders and farmers. So it was a big thing for the baboons to run across.
So for those of you who are uninitiated, "The Tragedy of the Commons" goes like this. You have a bunch of herders who share a common pasture, and these are rational, self-interested herders , and they think to themselves, well, should I add more animals to my herd?
Fine. That's pretty universal, but there are a lot of open questions. So here we have these herders on the pasture. Are they going to have collective health insurance in case their sheep get sick?
the region affected, so that they can go and buy supplemental food for their animals. So, the herder doesn't need to understand satellite imagery. He doesn't even need to file a claim.
They ignore the conversations of the farmers. And when they hear the conversations of the herders broadcast out of hidden speakers, they react with alarm. The family bunches up, and they run away.
For the Middle East, you have the Moors who introduced to the Spaniards rice who then brought it to the new world. Al Pastor came from Lebanese immigrants who were sheep herders , Al Pastor refers to sheep herders style, or shepherds style, and they brought it to central Mexico during the turn of the 20th century.
So that's the story of Aztai, time which does not actually end very well. Aztai's last signal came from a corral in one of the herder livestocks near their home. And we do not know for sure.
halberton which was Dick Cheney's company so that was an interesting moment where here we are on the middle of nowhere Afghanistan next to a place that we think is a secret CIA prison and there a goat herder wearing a hat with Dick Cheney's old company's name on it um so this is this is a photograph of
But it turns out that if you broadcast the recorded conversations of tourists, farmers who farm away from where the elephants live, and pastoralist herders who walk around with spears and get into trouble with elephants around water holes, and fairly frequently hurt the elephants, that the elephants ignore the conversations of the tourists.
but is just one model of reality-- the consequence of one particular set of adaptive choices that your cultural lineage made, however successfully, many generations ago. But whether it is a voodoo acolyte in Haiti, a yak herder in the slopes of Chomolungma, a eagle hunter in central Kazakhstan, or a thunderhooved shaman in Mongolia, all of these peoples teach us that there are other ways of thinking, other ways of being, other ways of orienting yourself
But he's also an ally to the rebellion. And one of them, of course, is the "Sand Herder 's Tale." It's the story of Momaw Nadan.
And they're an amazing breed of dog. They bark loudly. They act as a guardian and not a herder . And they protect the flocks, primarily through actually just being there.
And at some point, there are more animals on the pasture than the pasture can support, grass is all gone, all of them die, and everybody ends up being worse off. That's the tragedy. And what's paradoxical about it is that each of the herders was doing what was in his or her best interest, regardless of what other people were doing, and yet everybody acting in their own best interest can collectively make everybody worse off.
And these herders are cooperative all, but they're all cooperative in different ways. So at one extreme end of the forest, you've got your communist herders . And they say, not only are we going to have a common pasture, we're just going to have a common herd.
and us is resolved. At the other extreme, you have your free market capitalist herders who say, not only are we are not going to have common herds, we're not going to have a common pasture.
And we are historically nomadic people, and that's explain why we are spread all over Africa, because we are cattle herders , so we--
And the other people who were living there were the Sami, whom I've also mentioned, the reindeer herders .
Not only did I learn a lot about business, I did finally, thanks to goat herders , et cetera, learn about the difference between profit and revenue.
They're just grazing on this common pasture. And so they say, yes, I'll add more animals to my herd, and all the herders add more and more animals. And at some point, there are more animals on the pasture than the pasture can support, grass is all gone, all of them die, and everybody ends up being worse off.
And so this is where my sequel to Hardin's parable comes in. So now imagine you have this large forest, and around this forest, you have many different tribes of herders . And these herders are cooperative all, but they're all cooperative in different ways.
They're organized by different religions. This god over here, this holy book, this leader says no black and white sheep together in the same enclosure, and this one says it's OK for women to be herders , and this one says is not.