So when Rosalind Franklin, for example, took her images of the double helix , the fact that DNA had this structure allowed Watson and Crick-- well, to uncover that it was a double helix . But also to start understanding what the workings of DNA were. I mean, the double helix of DNA is, of course, one of these great natural symmetric objects, insofar as you can take this thing and twist it, and it will look the same as
as much as girls one of the old you know one of the old aphorisms of our culture right this is the what we say to each double helix really their Fates are intertwined and By ignoring this very large gender gap we actually
to solve these problems-- and also giving them what they call psychological safety, a culture where nobody's laughed at, where you're given space to propose something unreasonable, that double helix may be impeded, and maybe you'll slow down the progress towards discovering a way to treat cancer or even prevent
But the fact that someone-- there are people who are smart who think these. It's a double helix and one of the helixes splits off and then you create another one.
Collagen itself, when it breaks down, is kind of fascinating. It's this triple helix structure that's got lots of different bonds holding the three different twisted bits together. And in its native structure like this, it's actually pretty tender.
But now we are assuming the power of those gods that we have imagined. When Watson and Crick identified the double helix structure of DNA in the 1950s, what they were doing was recognizing that there is a book of life. And the book of life is structured into the famous DNA double helix .
And that's when I saw her, a woman carrying a huge bedazzled Beyond Curie poster of Rosalind Franklin, the scientist who had made crucial contributions to the understanding of DNA's double helix structure. It was the same poster that I had brought with me to the march.
Good idea. So I'm sure you guys have done a lot of other stuff that was really clever, but just didn't see the light of day. They did the logo for Helix High School.
Looking up, I see a rosy stairway spiraling above me for 70 feet, the branches closely spaced with plentiful holds. The thicker arms grow in a helix . Ascending, I follow these around the trunk as if climbing a church tower.
If he had fallen under a bus, Hendrik Lorentz would have come up with it when within a few years. Watson and Crick discovered the double helix in the early 1950s. If they didn't exist or if, as Crick once put it, if Watson had been killed by a tennis ball, what would have happened?
Calculating Instrument. This one here was the most amazing. Also in the 1890's, it's called Professor Fuller's Calculator and the scales were on a helix running to about 45 feet. So you could do a calculation with this two five decimals places. So normally most slide rules they're only analog because you're looking on the stick to see where something goes, you get about three decimal places. And five decimals places for most types of engineering is more
And it doesn't have to be very high, maybe 70, 80, 90 degrees, and you've melted the double-helix . If you then cool it down, those two single strands find each other. They wind back up into the original double-helix . That is a self-assembly process. Nothing makes it happen. It just happens because of the properties, the chemical, physical properties of the nucleic acids. When a protein is synthesized coming off the ribosome, there's no folding. As it
um I recommend anything by him uh short stories there's a great short story of his called time considered as a helix of semi-precious stones that's really good um
We're only talking about what makes people different-- why some of us are heavier than others, why some of us do better at school than others. Of our three billion base pairs of DNA in the double helix of DNA, more than 99% of those DNA bases are the same for everybody, but 1% differs. And the 99% is what makes us human, but the 1% is what makes us different genetically.
And Will was very cheap. And there's several books about the double helix , mostly by participants.
So this much is going to be up to your helix .
You can work backwards to find the double helix structure.
double helix . But also to start understanding what the workings of DNA were. I mean, the double helix of DNA is, of course, one of these great natural symmetric objects, insofar as you can take this thing and twist it, and it will look the same as it did before. But it's worth noting-- and double helix is particularly interesting in this way-- that it spirals in a particular direction.
It's got one symmetry-- that is to say, I can twist it as much as I like. But if I were to look at a double helix in a mirror, you could tell it was wrong. You could tell it did not come from living being here on Earth.
When I talk about self-assembly, I wanna make sure that you understand what I mean by that. Most of you probably know that DNA is a double-helix . You can melt the double-helix , which is double-helix . You can melt it into single chains just by raising the temperature.
of DNA when she was in middle school and read "The Double Helix " and became fascinated by Rosalind Franklin, the woman in the book who
This shows and unraveled chromosome down to the level of the double helix that we're all familiar with the intermediate chromatin structure in between there.
When Watson and Crick identified the double helix structure of DNA in the 1950s, what they were doing was recognizing that there is a book of life. And the book of life is structured into the famous DNA double helix . And when the Human Genome Project came to fruition in 2003, what was being identified was that the book of human life could
new social patterns, are emerging-- from this double helix .
So it sits there, this famous double helix , and it's got instructions in the form of genes.
Good idea. So I'm sure you guys have done a lot of other stuff that was really clever, but just didn't see the light of day. Is that correct? And you went to Helix High School together.
And in fact, it was a triple helix effort because it was supported both by philanthropy, by the war effort, and by companies--
Likewise, just like Jennifer Doudna's father gave her "The Double Helix " when she was in sixth grade, my dad here in New Orleans gave me a copy of "The Double Helix "
And then towards the end of my time in the game industry, I was working for Helix , which was a division of THQ that
This book is really-- you know, if you picture the DNA double helix , picture like a hecta helix or something, because the book is the political story of how this all
I mean, the double helix of DNA is, of course, one of these great natural symmetric objects, insofar as you can take this thing and twist it, and it will look the same as it did before. But it's worth noting-- and double helix is particularly interesting in this way-- that it spirals in a particular direction. It's got one symmetry-- that is to say, I can twist it as much as I like.
be of interest for let's say holiday reading or summer time reading and they include the Double Helix by James Watson. A great book is the Discoveries by
And in its native structure like this, it's actually pretty tender. When it begins to unwind, the cross links between the different helixes are still holding it intact, and it's like a rubber at that point. And if you cook it even longer, it will then hydrolyze and completely break down into little chunks.
Okay. And so I have a I have a model of DNA here. So for listeners who are not watching, this is a a little plastic double helix .
I suppose going back to the 1950s and onwards with the discovery of DNA, and the double helix , and the genetic code, information
So in this project, I have a couple of ways of understanding this behavior and technology connection, the first of which is the double helix of DNA.
And Will was very cheap. It's all theory. It was the work of Wilkins and Franklin that did the X-ray crystallography studies that proved Watson and Crick's theory correct about the double helix .
I have to be at home in the behavioral world, and in the cellular world, and my home base, which is on the helix , the world of biochemistry
If they didn't exist or if, as Crick once put it, if Watson had been killed by a tennis ball, what would have happened? Well, then, undoubtedly, someone would have discovered the double helix of DNA probably within a year of that discovery. So in that sense, great scientists and inventors are dispensable.
in almost all cells in our bodies on these chromosomes in the form of the famous DNA, this double helix .
It also shows up in scientific discoveries. So when Rosalind Franklin, for example, took her images of the double helix , the fact that DNA had this structure allowed Watson and Crick-- well, to uncover that it was a double helix . But also to start understanding what the workings of DNA were.
You can melt it into single chains just by raising the temperature. And it doesn't have to be very high, maybe 70, 80, 90 degrees, and you've melted the double-helix . If you then cool it down, those two single strands find each other. They wind back up into the original double-helix . That is a self-assembly process. Nothing makes it happen.
So, here's what I claim. I claim that every time two of those come together, there's a chance for a water molecule to leave and produce what is called an ester bond. acid vesicle under conditions where an activated monomer can get across the membrane, add itself to that partial DNA to complete the double-helix .