How to pronounce “dilation” in English

At the surface of the sun, there's quite a bit more curvature.And so more time dilation than here at the surface of the Earth.But now what relativity says, if we could somehow compress the sun down to a much smaller radius, so where the surface used to be, it would be exactly the same.

And now we can say, well, can we go further?How much time dilation, in principle, could we get?Well, for stars that are, perhaps, 10 times the mass of the sun, when they go through the nuclear burning phase, they lose all of the energy to prevent--

And so that keeps it from going up and down as many times.The point is that encapsulates time dilation, because time is nothing more than how many timesthe photon goes up and down.

We can solve this Pythagoras equation for my proper time.And you get the time dilation equation, just as Einstein derived it in 1905.So the point that I'd like to make here, the takeaway message, is that special relativity is simple.

And I named some of these for you a second ago-- absolute concentration in the present moment, the merger of action awareness, the vanishingof self, time dilation.Because it is definable, it's measurable.

So the Earth produces curvature in space and time.One aspect of that curvature connecting to the time dilation is curvature produces time dilation regardless of relative motion.So in special relativity, when we were moving relative to each other, that we perceive time dilation.

It's a sphere of a certain radius.There, time dilation goes to infinity.So if you were at that finite radius, your clock would stop relative to an observer's at infinity.

Just by the nature of space and time, everything gets stretched and squeezed into an infinitely thin line.So you started with an explanation of how time dilation, it depends more on acceleration than actual velocity of the observer, but then when you got into the Pythagorean theorem

And that is the autonomic nervous system that's responsible for the sweatiness that gets on our palms when we're nervous or under pressure, or tremulousness,or the acceleration in heart rate, dilation of pupils, and so on.So we were measuring these peripheral manifestations of these two primary central stress response systems in the human central nervous system.

I'm 7 seconds. STEVEN S. GUBSER: And I'm 6 seconds.That's good. Because of time dilation, I managed to have less time elapse.I say just kidding, because the actual difference between our times was approximately 1 femtosecond.

All you have to do is dramatically modify your notions of how space and time work.So that's what leads to all of these puzzles and paradoxes about length contraction and time dilation and all those other things.They're all fun. They're all important.

He never believed in black holes, even until the day he died in 1955.So Steve introduced one aspect of special relativity, time dilation.So relative motion introduces--

observers perceive different time based on relative motion.So I'm going to explain one aspect that we would describe black holes from the perspective of time dilation.So now we have to go to general relativity.

and someone very, very far away, the clocks near the surface of the Earth will run a little bit slower due to the curvature of spacetime.OK, so we're going to use this idea that curvature introduces time dilation to get to black holes.You can go to the next slide.

Can we compress it down to a centimeter?So the curvature becomes very, very large and the time dilation can become an arbitrarily large factor.And the answer is no.

Just by the nature of space and time, everything gets stretched and squeezed into an infinitely thin line.So you told us that close to the event horizon, the time dilation, time runs slower compared

What are they doing?I mean, I kind of can tell from your eyes and your pupil dilation, but I'm not really looking.

Eventually those two black holes will merge.And as we were talking about, it doesn't take an infinite time, even though there's time dilation.because they're both so big, they're really deforming space-time a lot.

Bodies can be placed in remediation.Enter hormonal treatment, genital surgery, electrolysis, post-surgical vaginal dilation, and the injunction delivered by many medical professionals that one must neverspeak of one's intersex condition unless absolutely necessary.

One aspect of that curvature connecting to the time dilation is curvature produces time dilation regardless of relative motion.So in special relativity, when we were moving relative to each other, that we perceive time dilation.But now, what the Earth is doing is if you had a clock, someone that's just sitting there on the surface of the Earth, like we are,

But now we're taking all this matter and energy, compressing it into a much smaller volume.And so now if we get closer to that higher curvature region, there's going to be more time dilation.And that's sort of what this sequence is showing.

It's about the size of the Earth, a few thousand kilometers across.So if it goes near the surface of the white dwarf, there's going to be quite a lot of time dilation, a lot of curvature.And now we can say, well, can we go further?

It's almost absurdly dense to think about it.Now, for neutron stars, the curvature is so strong near the surface that the time dilation becomes significant.Things that we could easily think about.

The matter collapses, collapses down to a singularity, and that's a black hole.So now you can explain-- Yeah, let me use a couple of my simple demos to reinforce what Frans is saying out time dilation.What I've got here first is an illustration of how time runs at different elevations in a Schwarzschild

It might look something a little bit more like jazz as an analogy.And to have that, you need a four-dimensional space-time structure that related, basically, length contraction and time dilation