How to pronounce “autocratic” in English

This is from my friend Matt Ridley, wonderful evolutionary biologist and journalist.Autocratic, dictatorial, laying down the law.

bankrupted Farmers mooved to the cities they have very large bankrupt and un unemployed populations in the cities well that's a problem uh overlay on thatoppressive government autocratic government things like that and you get a refugee crisis that's having effects on global elections in England withbrexit and with Donald Trump in the United States and perhaps Italy in Germany as well that's all tied to Drought at its Origins the isce has

policy works and I will talk about that in other examples as well like Israel um like frankly the United States so thereare examples of non autocratic states where entrepreneurship was still at the center of of of policy um but your pointis very well taken and it is true governance matters um

of the committee. He worked very hard to get consensus.It was not an autocratic central bank. And then about the beginning of 2008, Bernanke realized that, when things get bad, there's a reason that committees have a chairman.And that it was confusing to the world to have a dozen Fed officials talking out there, and you needed the Wall Street Journal to tell you which two mattered and which ten

anything uh about the political culture of a place which is profoundly authoritarian and has been for a long time it doesn't mean the Arab world isalways going to be autocratic I think there are real forces for change right now and forces that we can we can helpalong but but there was no sense of the difficulty of it so the president would talk about uh Freedom sprouting from the

bad that happen in China after the October rev-, 1948 revolution was because Chineseleadership on occasion acted autocratically in an arbitrary manner.Take the later case, The Great Leap Forward, between 1959 and '62, because of Mao Zedong's actually irrational policies, arbitrary policies, 20 million Chinese starved to death. 1959

His point is that democracies that do not deliverbroad-based opportunity are vulnerable to autocratic capture.And research backs this up. So Susan Stokes is a political science professor at the University of Chicago. She has

some of them won't get enough work to do. And if they don't get enough work to do, they demotivate everybody else by their merethat we witnessed in pretty much every autocratic country, or country that used to be free and then became autocratic.

you tend to have elections swinging back and forth.what I would call like an autocratic breakthrough, they might, yeah, they might completely blow up their own movement, right?

could be quite a big change.So there's five core tactics that autocratic leaders use to dismantle a democracy. Could you walk me through the five tactics?So first of all,

We aren't used to the idea that the government decides which companies thrive and which ones die, you know. Soonce you have an an autocratic state that can do what it wants legally, then it can decide which companies succeed.It can base government contracts which are very important in every country not on who's the best company or not on some

in Russia. and so I need to crush this Ukrainian democracy movement. And so that war really is a fault line betweenthe democratic world and the autocratic world. So I think what what you're seeing is the breakdown of an oldersystem that was more or less organized around by American rules.

You put 10 people in a room, and you're going to get one of two things.You're going to either have autocratic decision making.In other words, everybody feeds their opinions, and then the guy who is responsible for that then says, OK, here's my decision based on that.

consequential elections in Serbia uh in Georgia in kyrgistan uh in a number ofnatural gas so the danger to autocratic regimes is that usually they don't deliver very well they're not there

Every role knows here's my territory.And I can lead that autocratically within my responsibilities and any constraints that we have defined in governance together.And that governance process happens in what we call a circle.

200 years ago, the number of democracies in the world could be counted on the fingers of one hand.Now a majority of countries are more democratic than autocratic.And a majority of people live in countries that are more democratic and autocratic.

leaders. You know there's more demands on citizens. You know you have to participate if you care about your country. It's not just enough to vote.I've heard you say that there's five core tactics that autocratic leaders use to dismantle a democracy. Could you walk

Now a majority of countries are more democratic than autocratic.And a majority of people live in countries that are more democratic and autocratic.And if this seems just incredible, keep in mind that when I was a student, an undergraduate,

jump in its ranking of of of World Bank indicators of doing business I just want to ask a question both Singapore andRwanda so the question is both Singapore and Rwanda coincidentally or not are autocratic Nations what bearing doesthat have on this subject of Entrepreneurship and it's obviously um uh true statement and it does have a

But it's an example of how actually it's harder if you're in the more transparent West-- it's harder to do diplomacy because you can't bluff in the same way.You can't win that-- kind of that hand of poker against the more autocratic regimes and against the Russians.I did like that you note that not only does Putin ride horseback, but he has the biggest plane.

But what does the theory say?it's a very militarized, autocratic version of development.

the young people who are forward looking recognize in the centrality of politics even to the economic future of the country. And playing a role.of China that actually led to growth, not autocratic impulses. You must see both of them together.

war on terror well if one end of this book Bush Doctrine is the global war on terror the other end is democracypromotion what happens when we are trying to bring democratic reform to an autocratic Ally in the war on terrorwell the answer is one of them has to give way to the other and so in

in Russia, Hungary and Venezuela.Nonetheless, if you scale every country in terms of how autocratic or democratic it is and add them all up, you see that the world has neverbeen more democratic than it has been in the last decade.

Or it can take a more kind of like strongman, autocratic leadership that builds a very efficient state

Then in the Islamic world, that was whatever it's called is the autocratic system that determined the hierarchy. Now for the first time in history, the various regions of the

It may be just as hierarchical, and indeed, autocratic, but it is at least down under a veneer of communal action.

That King Friday, for example, is the autocratic CEO and you can begin to identify the other characters.

Everything is different. The King even enjoys-- the King Friday is the stand in for the autocratic CEO-- even enjoys talking with employees.

find ways to undermine it and shut it up because it it it um points out the flaws um under these autocratic systems but

some of them won't get enough work to do. And if they don't get enough work to do, they demotivate everybody else by their mereto speak their mind, to have a voice. In the context, in the geopolitical context that you're mentioning that governments when they become autocratic, naturally it's the way of the

Do you think it's possible that in our lifetimes the US might become an orth orcraticcountry? So the US could become a what I think on this map is described as an autocraticgray zone. So you could imagine the US as in effect a one party state. So a

So when people are standing on the street and they have signs saying we're against corruption, you know, we want democracy, we want to be in the EuropeanUnion, we want to be integrated with Europe, he's afraid of that happening in Russia because if you live in an autocratic state where you don't havefreedom of speech, where there is no justice, where the government decides

leaders. You know there's more demands on citizens. You know you have to participate if you care about your country. It's not just enough to vote.Mhm. Corruption you have in any political system, and you often have it in democracies, too. But in an autocratic

that people start to push back against existing mechanisms that run society and provide all sorts of interesting things like security, whether or not you think they're too autocratic

It seems to me that you also hear, as a part of the broader conversation, that India maybe should course correct and take on a more right wing, autocratic--

Nonetheless, I don't think that there is as much reason for pessimism as there are in some of these other autocratic countries.

Latin America, Africa, and Asia, which had been largely autocratic, became largely democratic

And that is, I think, the really deep, really fundamental Chinese structure, which is also collective, autocratic society

So one story that you may have heard is that late last fall-- this past fall the people of Ukraine took to the streets to protest a corrupt autocratic leader who

the Committee to Protect Journalists, an organization which defends freedom of the press and journalists' rights worldwide against autocratic governments for the first time

failing democracies with pathologies like vote buying and chasing after natural resources, the kind of things that Paul Collier describes so well. And then you can find autocratic

systems that fail so you're all quantitatively oriented. If you have a two by two box with high and low economic performance and somewhere between democratic and autocratic on the other

A number of the Asian countries that are now in the advanced income category including Japan, Korea, and Taiwan were relatively autocratic in the sense that they had dominant single

be damned." If that is to be changed, people must see where the tax money is going and they must understand alternative uses for the tax money.For all these reasons, we have to empower the local governments. The way, for instance, to change despite being an autocratic regime, has actually been trying to do. The secondmajor change required is "rule of law". Normally, India has an impeccable system of rule of law.

show our love for others." Now, in a good organization you do it with your employees, not didactically, not necessarily autocratically.