and spread over everything um and uh what what what the theory would suggest arist starus lived in ancient times anyway it was beautiful scene and so I started talking to them about bubbles in
For thousands of years, we have seen moderation as a moral achievement. Aristotle argued that the path to a life well-lived runs through moderation. Courage rests somewhere between cowardice and recklessness, generosity between stinginess and extravagance.
He talks about ethos which is somebody's character, their reputation, their status and the ability to persuade you. And he talks about pathos which is emotions. It talks about feelings. And Aristotle even in the ancient Greek world this is you know the epitome of the rational philosopher. He is well aware that logos plays second place to your ethos and your posthos as well. So if we pull it up to the modern time the same thing is at play here. That when you are debating somebody you may
The Symposium is seven guys drinking and giving speeches about the nature of love. Socrates, Aristophanes, others. Um can you give us an overview of Symposium? What is it that they get into um that made you want to include it in your class?
We can train ourselves not to get upset. Aristotle was more lenient. He said it's OK to let ourselves feel angry as long as we don't act on it.
The Buddha famously left his kingdom in order to search the answer for this question. Aristotle has been interested in it. You name it. Everyone's been interested in it.
This is typically a concept like ,, which is not so easy to translate into English. Aristotle-- that's Aristotle. Such a great thinker, but he introduced this idea for the Western civilization that contradiction is not good.
We talk about final causality. Aristotle made that distinction, right? Between efficient causality, it's like a pushing cause.
When we started, we didn't think there was any relevance to that, to our modern day. aristocracy in the Senate that were the heirs of Sulla.
And I'm not, like, the clever guy who thought this up, right? Aristotle is the man, in the 4th century B.C., who explained this to the world. And the world has largely ignored Aristotle.
His look is certainly not youthful and happy. Aristotle was a great thinker, but Aristotle was quite an ethnic chauvinist who believed in the superiority of Greek civilization over any other civilization.
You keep going back in history, it keeps showing up. Aristotle, who founded a school, and they were known as the peripatetics. Why? Because they walked around as they philosophized.
And ego is based on-- if confidence is what is real, ego is what we wish to be true, right? Aristotle has this concept of the golden mean, right? And so he's saying that every virtue is basically the midway point between two vices, two extremes.
from um literature from art is is a crime that should be abolished and we can thank Aristotle for that before Aristotle we just looked at the world as a unit and we didn't separate math out we didn't separate all these other things out so when you studi these things separately with separate professors in separate rooms and
It's an ancient one and it goes back to some of the greatest thinkers in history. Aristotle very famously had what he called the four causes for things happening, which we might really think of as four kinds of explanation why things occur. And one of them was the final cause for something.
Aristotle said that when animals reproduced, the mother supplied the matter while the father supplied the form, or the soul.
Aristotle called it eudaimonia-- flourishing, thriving, joy.
Aristotle, comedy is an imitation of people worse than themselves.
Aristotle described technology as completing or enhancing what nature was unable to finish.
Aristotle said the aim of art isn't to display the outward appearance of things, but their inward significance.
Aristotle said, "Our desires harbor a hidden judgment that their ends are good." Basically, 2,500 years ago, he was telling us that our unconscious mind also is
Aristotle said it the best, and by the way I'm talking to you about your own life too if you don't mind, not just about Google.
Aristotle said, "Purpose is where your talent and the needs of the world intersect.
Aristotle is one of our favorite ancient Greek philosophers in the poetics he talks about the cathartic effects that these kind of descriptions have,
Aristotle were around today and rather than writing a Poetics of Greek tragedy were writing a Poetics of New Media a
Aristotle used it as a tool for formalizing what scientists working scientists do what what they're thinking
Aristotle had already introduced. So uh
aristocratics dissected once they'd been dead and not just of condemned prisoners that had always been the case before and
research is often used as a way to try to reduce you as an alternative position. So the reason why debating an idiot is so difficult is because they are playing by a different rule system. In Aristotle's rhetoric he actually makes a distinction between three different types of persuading somebody or three different ways that people often come to believe something. He talks about logos which is rationality. It's reason and it's using good debate and facts and evidence.
an aristocracy, but with cooperation from the people of Rome. In various ways, the arrangements change over the centuries. So that lasts for about five centuries.
to Aristotle. It's like we're the rational animal. that's what makes us unique and so that's what decides our role in the universe. So it's a really
I think that the Epicurean philosophy has been revived in positive psychology. And Aristotle's just here. There's a lot of people who love the idea of you don't need to control your feelings, but you should control your actions.
So Aristotle felt that the Earth was the only world of its kind in the entire universe.
Carmen Aristegui, she's one of the most important journalists in Mexico.
But Aristide won the election and he instituted-- the main question was when will the military coup take place.
His look is certainly not youthful and happy. that Aristotle wanted him to reach.
His look is certainly not youthful and happy. So Aristotle wouldn't have been pleased with that.
So aristocrats changed their fashion, which meant the merchants had to change the way they dressed as well.
And Aristotle is actually a good example of that.
And Aristophanes, the satirical playwright, attributed their genius to their meager diet.
But Aristotle noticed one significant way in which sponges were a lot like animals.
On Aristotle's final definition of an animal, which was about whether or not they have blood, Trembley's results were inconclusive.
imitating aristocratic styles several years old.
And Aristotle made a very fascinating point.
that Aristotle called "practical wisdom." That I'm going to try to explain to you very quickly what that is and how every effort we currently make to make things better in
from Aristotle's point of view is to combine two things. One is the will to do the right thing, to provide what people need.
Now Aristotle pointed out that this judgment on the relative merit of contributions will
From Aristotle to Adam Smith economics was a colony of ethics. And no philosopher or
and Aristotle was no Communist by any means, Aristotle recommended that a person that rich ought to be exiled as a danger to the body politic.
logic Aristotle and And the ancients used logic as essentially a methodology