government is really supreme and dedicated to certain values. An anti-slavery nation, a pro-equality nation, and they put that in the 14th Amendment and they send that out to the states and the states reject it. So, 10 of the former Confederate states reject it. Um Delaware rejects it. Maryland rejects it. So, you know, the America of the
So as Connor mentioned, for 50 years, we've been offering free legal services to members of the news media helping to protect their First Amendment rights, and their news gathering, and freedom of information interests. And we do this through direct litigation-- amicus briefs, also known as friend of the court briefs, where we write briefs in cases that
And then there were two others after me, before Obama. Amendment that no administration has yet tried to do that, with the exception of the Pentagon Papers where Nixon did, in fact, set out
And at a very high level, I think the first step is, if you're a gun owner-- or if you don't own a gun but you support the Second Amendment-- it's important that you speak up. And in the same way that someone can't look at me and know that I'm a gun owner or know that I'm gay,
that again-- very intelligent, very driven, and very smart people that are also just very passionate about the Second Amendment. And for me, when I shot recreationally, that's all it was, right? For me, shooting was not about the Second Amendment.
That's one of the reasons you sometimes see people going free who may have done terrible things but because amendments, that it was designed to provide American citizens with far more protection in all these areas
That's one of the reasons you sometimes see people going free who may have done terrible things but because amendment to reverse it.
importantly there is no constitutional or Bill of Rights guarantee of privacy there is a public nuh sits the First Amendment First Amendment says we all have the right to speak but there's no such guarantee of privacy and they had to find it and and in the Fourth Amendment and in other parts of the Constitution and it had to be made as
sculptures literally melting in the rain well the 1990 Clean Air Act amendments were pass and decreased AET Rain by over 50% um all the while letting companies themselves decide how to do it um and to innovate themselves
But the tragedy is the states in turn have not recognized the need to encourage local communities to be self-governing. They spread a constitutional injunction and we have huge amendments in 1994, running into 7,700 words. If you compare that with American Constitution, the whole of American Constitution today some 222 years after it was written, it has some 7,400 words.
thou shalt not cover that no that's that's one of the ten commandments but it is i think in in the uh you know in um the amendments it's uh it's okay so you're you're more than welcome to here um except mark to share so thou shall not become another fan now are you talking like an interfatical marriage or something where
Now, you may say people were involved in the inventions that led to the internet and the design is part of it. We amend them. Often, we-- our job is to scrutinize and improve legislation.
For example. This is from a lawyer-- a legal scholar writing in "The New York Times." I have serious doubts that trying to amend the Constitution would work on an actual level. On the aspirational level, a constitutional amendment strategy may be more valuable.
He gets the draft. He amends it quite extensively. And he sends it back to the Foreign Office.
we call it a "poison pill strategy." And a poison pill strategy is where opponents of a bill in Congress propose an amendment to a bill which they think can get passed. But if the amendment gets passed, it makes the entire bill unpalatable.
Not in Norway or some other countries which recently have introduced quotas on its corporate boards. India amended its constitution in 1993 with the provision that a third of village heads had to be female. What was beautiful from a research point of view, the third was literally picked out of a hat, allowing researchers to evaluate what difference
That said, there's a difference between what I would call press responsibility and what the First Amendment protects. The First Amendment doesn't require responsibility. It doesn't require judges to pass on what is responsible journalism, or not.
out of the problem as a result benefits have exceeded Investments for this one um amendment by about 30 to one uh that seems to be a good General pattern here by the way so the cleaner Act of 1970 the ratio of benefits to cost
to the Supreme Court. And on April 19th, 1999, the court handed down what had to be the shortest First Amendment decision ever, quote "The judgment is affirmed." No explanation. It was a terribly disappointing outcome and waste of several years of litigation during which the government never suggested limiting the law to obscenity. There was a sliver of a silver lining. The Supreme Court's action had the effect of making the district
a half hours into the game but uh we have our own bill of rights ten amendments to our constitution that proclaim our most unimpeachable laws the first amendment is probably our most powerful ownership shall make no law abridging freedom of speech in the form of the yankee sukchan or calling eei to complain about a manager's latest move his lack of a move is moving to move his hesitation to move is putting his house
as amended in 1996. In its infinite wisdom, FCC, upon hearing debates between the telcos and the cable companies on the differences in their regulation, said,
You can always amend it and improve it and get it more accurate over time.
And so you can amend your collection.
They are amendable to change. If you want to make this change happen, here's what you need to do.
The Equal Rights Amendment, the ERA, looked like it would pass.
They're laws. And it's the same with the federal FOIA, the Freedom of Information Act at the federal level. Congress has not amended FOIA. And that is the only way for FOIA to be modified, if Congress amends it.
Because it has meant different things over time. So the First Amendment is the First Amendment to the US Constitution. And it was ratified in the late 18th century after a debate over whether it was
There's actually very little contemporaneous information on what exactly that First Congress was thinking when it ratified the First Amendment. But there's two concepts that are pretty important to understanding why it's there and what it is there to prevent and protect.
So that's the historical background. The First Amendment itself, it has two parts. There are the religion clauses, which we're not going to talk about today.
But it's phrased Congress shall not abridge because, and this is a key concept, is there has to be state action. The First Amendment isn't just a blanket protection for everything. It is a prohibition on the government taking steps to interfere with certain rights.
that it's a relatively new one. and the First Amendment is great.
And then they start amending the contract.
to every single amendment in the Constitution.
After the 21st Amendment, things started to recover.
The First Amendment also gets a certain amount of attention, and rightly so.
The 14th Amendment does a few things.
The reason the 14th Amendment is my favorite amendment is that I am a citizen because of it.
So the 14th Amendment, that's one core plank.
The 13th Amendment that immediately precedes the 14th abolished slavery.
And so the 14th Amendment was necessary to make clear that every person born here is a citizen, that no state can take
is also the Fifth Amendment.
The Fifth Amendment is the same due process clause that says that before a person can have their life, liberty,
So the 14th Amendment-- we don't usually have to go to the 14th Amendment.
of the 14th Amendment.
secured the 15th Amendment, which protects the right to vote regardless of race-- the 15th Amendment was one of the three post-slavery amendments--
So the 14th Amendment, you know, how it itself plays into it is very much at the center of a lot of these debates.
And then the First Amendment culminates in that the government cannot limit our right to petition
That is the First Amendment itself.
So you mentioned First Amendment.
The Fourth Amendment is the right to be secure in our persons from unreasonable search and seizure.